Političko besedništvo Laze Kostića
Stil beseda Laze Kostića je prepoznatljiv. On ukršta intelektualni i poetski stil, azijski je raskošan, za uvod besede najčešće primenjuje princip in medias res, često koristi ironiju, ređe figuru skromnosti. Redovno koristi apostrofu, dijalog, retorsko pitanje, igru rečima. Primeri kao argumenti su brojni i tu progovara bogato poznavanje antičke kulture i istorije, međunarodnog prava, klasične književnosti, etike, estetike i filozofije.
Kao besednik, Laza Kostić je bio najuspešniji i najplodonosniji u mladalačkom periodu 1863-1878. godine. Zato ovaj članak razmatra upravo taj period. Posle toga, Kostić je bio sekretar Jovana Ristića, učestvovao je u radu Berlinskog kongresa. Potom je prešao u Beograd. Sve vreme piše novinske članke, a posle Timočke bune, ispred sile kralja Milana, prelazi u Novi Sad i Suboticu, zatim na Cetinje. Ni tamo ne nalazi mira i zbog neslaganja s knezom Nikolom vraća se u Novi Sad.1 Sve do devedesetih godina XIX veka hrabrio je ljude slične sebi. Na početku XX veka odrekao se svojih demokratskih ideala i prešao na stranu klerikalaca, kandidujući se za poslanika na klerikalnoj listi. Odricanje od mladalačkih ideala može se objasniti dugotrajnim i upornim nerazumevanjem sredine, zadocnelom nesrećnom ljubavlju i nevericom u borbu za pravdu i istinu.
Literatura:
- Sabrana dela Laze Kostića, Matica srpska, Novi Sad, 1990.
- Vaso Milinčević: Laza Kostić, Izdavačko preduzeće Rad, Beograd, 1966.
- Miodrag Popović: Romantizam III, Nolit, Beograd, 1975.
- Jelena Kosanović: Laza Kostić i estetika romantizma, Zadužbina Andrejević, Beograd, 1998.
- Istorija srpskog naroda, VI knjiga, Od Berlinskog kongresa do ujedinjenja, SKZ, Beograd, 1994.
Svetlana Gradinac
POLITICAL ORATION OF LAZA KOSTIĆ
Summary
Laza Kostić was the most prominent representative of the mature era of Serbian romanticism. He was a personality of Renaissance spirit, the most educated Serbian of his time, and he marked his time by his work and his political rhetoric. The public rhetorical scene enabled Laza Kostić to express the characteristics that are desirable for a good orator: intellectual richness, eloquence, artistic gift, feeling of rebellion and pride, romantic exultation, patriotism, passion, good memory, free spirit and combativeness as well as good looks. Regardless of all this his oration was not taken into consideration by the compilers of Serbian oration. Maybe the reason for this is the fact that his oration remained in the shadow of his literary work or due to the fact his that his best orations were not expressed or on the territory of Serbia but rather in the Hungarian language in the Assembly of the Austro-Hungarian Empire where he was a member of parliament representing the party of Svetozar Miletić. He was elected as a “Sajkas” member of the Parliament of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from the list of the party of Svetozar Miletić in 1873 and with youthful exuberance Laza Kostić gave patriotic and free minded speeches. Most of these speeches and his political commentaries and political opinions were printed in the journal Zastava, the editor of chief of which was Svetozar Miletić. His style of oration was particularly recognisable. He combined intellectual and poetical style which was very rich; in the introduction of the oration he used the principle in medias res; he often used irony, less often a figure of modesty. He regularly used apostrophe, dialogue, rhetorical questions and puns. He gave many examples as argument by which he showed a great knowledge of antique culture and history, international law, classical literature, ethics, aesthetics and philosophy.
Key words: political oration, romanticism, Austro-Hungarian Assembly, Serbian romanticism, political positions, style of oration.
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